Overview: Vaginitis is a term used to describe inflammation or infection of the vagina, resulting in various symptoms. It is a common condition that can be caused by different factors, including infections, irritants, or hormonal changes.

Causes:

1. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV):
   • An overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the vagina, disrupting the normal balance.
2. Yeast Infections:
   • Overgrowth of the Candida fungus, leading to a yeast infection.
3. Trichomoniasis:
   • A sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.
4. Viral Infections:
   • Viruses such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cause inflammation.
5. Allergic Reactions:
   • Reactions to irritants, such as certain soaps, detergents, or latex.
6. Hormonal Changes:
   • Fluctuations in hormones, especially during pregnancy, menopause, or contraceptive use.
7. Chemical Irritation:
   • Exposure to chemicals, douches, or other products that disrupt the vaginal pH.

Symptoms:

1. Abnormal Vaginal Discharge:
   • Changes in color, consistency, or odor of vaginal discharge.
2. Itching or Irritation:
   • Itching or irritation in and around the vagina.
3. Pain or Discomfort:
   • Pain or discomfort during intercourse or urination.
4. Redness and Swelling:
   • Redness and swelling of the vaginal tissues.
5. Burning Sensation:
   • A burning sensation, especially during urination.

Diagnosis:

1. Clinical Examination:
   • A healthcare provider may perform a pelvic examination to assess symptoms.
2. Lab Tests:

Collecting samples of vaginal discharge for microscopic examination or culture.